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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. H. WATERMAN. PISTON Patented July 12, 1881-.

WITNESSES INVENI'OB.

ATTORNEYS.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY WATERMAN, on BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

PISTON.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters.Patent No. 244,345, dated July 12, 1881. Application filed May 17, 1881. (No model.)

.To all whom it may concern; I

Be it known that I, HENRY WATERMAN, of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented a new and Im proved Piston, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The object of my invention is to combine in a hollow piston solidity, lightness, and facility of adjustment to compensate for wear.

My improvements relate to pistons having their main portions formed by expansible rings carried bya central hub and face-plates; and the invention consists in the combination, with these essential portions, of devices that give solid and adjustable backing to the rings also, in a metallic packing-disk for the joint between the face-plate and rings, all as hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure is a plan view of the piston, with the face-plate and packing-disk removed.- Fig. 2 is a transverse section of the piston complete on line 00 w of Fig. 1; and Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6 represent the packing devices of the piston.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

A is the hub, formed with the face-plate a, and with radial arms b, to which the face-plate 0 is secured by screws d. B B are split rings placed upon a wide inner split ring, 0, between the plates to c. The ring 0 is backed at three equal-distant points by spring-plates e and keys f, and at the side opposite its open ends by a curved block or plate, g, and key or keys h. The arms I) of the hub are recessed at their outer ends to form lugs '5, between which the keys f h enter. The-plates eat each point are two or more in number, so as to form leafsprings, and are secured by a rivet orotherwise to the keys. The block 9 is formed with a central hemispherical socket, k, in its inner face, and the key It is formed with a hemispherical stud, l, which enters the socket k, the stud thus preventing lateral movement of block g, while permitting it to rock. The outer convex surface of block 9 is formed with a transverse groove, 'm, that is engaged by a stud, n, projecting from ring C. By this con,- struction'the ring, block, and key are retained in their proper relative positions, and the block may adjust itself accurately to the inner surface of the ring.

In the recesses of the arms b, behind the keys f h, are filling plates or strips 0, of any desired number, as required, to expand the ring 0. These being placed to fill out the space when the piston is set or from time to time, as required, furnish solid'resistanoe, and unequal wear can be accurately compensated for.

It will be seen that the expansible ringO is held rigidly at its middle portion between the split ends, while the remaining portion is allowed a limited amount of movement by the leaf-sprin gs 0.

Between the plate 0 and the edges of rings B O is the packing p. This may consist of a circular plate of spring metal, of convex-conv cave form, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, which, being clamped by plate 0, packs the joints between the plate and rings, so as to exclude steam from the interior of the piston.

For large-sized pistons I prefer to use packing-ringsorring-segments. '(ShowninFigsj, 6, 7, and 8.) These will be made ofspring metal and curved transversely, so that when placed upon the expansible rings and clamped down by the face-plate theyinsure a tight joint.

This piston, when fitted with plate 9, is especially adapted for use in horizontal cylinders, where, on account of the sag, the wear on the packing-rings B is unequal. Such wear can be readily compensated for by ad ustment of the backing without afiectiug the solidity of parts.

For use in "ertical cylinders the plate 9 is not essential.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim asnew, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The piston consisting of split rings B O, hub A, formed with recessed arms b, curved block 9, plates 0, keys f h, and face-plates a a, combined, substantially as shown and de scribed.

2. In a piston, the curved backing-block g, formed with ball and socket, and the key h, formed with stud l, in combination with the hub A and expansible ring 0, as and for the purpose specified.

3. In pistons, the metallic packing-plates 12, combined with the hub A, face-plate c, and expansible packing-rings, substantially as shown and described.

HENRY WATERMAN.

Witnesses:

O. SEDGWIGK, J. H. SCARBOROUGH. 

